Skip to content
Threlte

<HTML>

This component is a port of drei’s <Html> component. It allows you to tie HTML content to any object of your scene. It will be projected to the objects whereabouts automatically.

The container of your <Canvas> component needs to be set to position: relative | absolute | sticky | fixed. This is because the DOM element will be mounted as a sibling to the <canvas> element.

<script lang="ts">
  import Scene from './Scene.svelte'
  import { Canvas } from '@threlte/core'
  import { Checkbox, Pane } from 'svelte-tweakpane-ui'


  let autoRender = $state(true)
</script>


<Pane position="fixed">
  <Checkbox
    label="auto render"
    bind:value={autoRender}
  />
</Pane>


<div>
  <Canvas>
    <Scene {autoRender} />
  </Canvas>
</div>


<style>
  div {
    height: 100%;
  }
</style>
<script lang="ts">
  import { MathUtils } from 'three'
  import { T } from '@threlte/core'
  import { HTML, OrbitControls } from '@threlte/extras'
  import { Spring } from 'svelte/motion'


  type Props = {
    autoRender?: boolean
  }


  let { autoRender = true }: Props = $props()


  const getRandomColor = () =>
    `#${Math.floor(Math.random() * 16777215)
      .toString(16)
      .padStart(6, '0')}`


  let color = $state(getRandomColor())
  let isHovering = $state(false)
  let isPointerDown = $state(false)


  let htmlPosZ = new Spring(0)
  $effect(() => {
    htmlPosZ.set(isPointerDown ? -0.15 : isHovering ? -0.075 : 0, {
      hard: isPointerDown
    })
  })
</script>


<T.PerspectiveCamera
  position={[10, 5, 10]}
  makeDefault
  fov={30}
  oncreate={(ref) => ref.lookAt(0, 0.75, 0)}
>
  <OrbitControls
    target.y={0.75}
    maxPolarAngle={85 * MathUtils.DEG2RAD}
    minPolarAngle={20 * MathUtils.DEG2RAD}
    maxAzimuthAngle={45 * MathUtils.DEG2RAD}
    minAzimuthAngle={-45 * MathUtils.DEG2RAD}
    enableZoom={false}
  />
</T.PerspectiveCamera>


<T.DirectionalLight position={[0, 10, 10]} />


<T.AmbientLight intensity={0.3} />


<T.GridHelper />


<T.Mesh position.y={0.5}>
  <T.MeshStandardMaterial {color} />
  <T.SphereGeometry args={[0.5]} />
  <HTML
    position.y={1.25}
    position.z={htmlPosZ.current}
    transform
    {autoRender}
  >
    <button
      onpointerenter={() => (isHovering = true)}
      onpointerleave={() => {
        isPointerDown = false
        isHovering = false
      }}
      onpointerdown={() => {
        isPointerDown = true
        color = getRandomColor()
      }}
      onpointerup={() => (isPointerDown = false)}
      onpointercancel={() => {
        isPointerDown = false
        isHovering = false
      }}
      class="rounded-full bg-orange-500 px-3 text-white hover:opacity-90 active:opacity-70"
    >
      I'm a regular HTML button
    </button>
  </HTML>


  <HTML
    position.x={0.75}
    transform
    pointerEvents="none"
    {autoRender}
  >
    <p
      class="w-auto translate-x-1/2 text-xs drop-shadow-lg"
      style="color: {color}"
    >
      color: {color}
    </p>
  </HTML>
</T.Mesh>

Basic example

Section titled “Basic example”
<script lang="ts">
  import { HTML } from '@threlte/extras'
</script>


<HTML>
  <h1>Hello, World!</h1>
</HTML>

Transform

Section titled “Transform”

transform applies matrix3d transformations.

<script lang="ts">
  import { HTML } from '@threlte/extras'
</script>


<HTML transform>
  <h1>Hello World</h1>
</HTML>

Occlude

Section titled “Occlude”

<Html> can be occluded behind geometry using the occlude occlude property.

<script lang="ts">
  import { HTML } from '@threlte/extras'
</script>


<HTML
  transform
  occlude
>
  <h1>Hello World</h1>
</HTML>

Setting occlude to "blending" will allow objects to partially occlude the <HTML> component.

This occlusion mode requires the <canvas> element to have pointer-events set to none. Therefore, any events like those in OrbitControls must be set on the canvas parent. Extras components like <OrbitControls> do this automatically.

<script lang="ts">
  import { Canvas } from '@threlte/core'
  import Scene from './Scene.svelte'
</script>


<div>
  <Canvas>
    <Scene />
  </Canvas>
</div>


<style>
  div {
    height: 100%;
  }
</style>
<script lang="ts">
  import {
    MeshStandardMaterial,
    TetrahedronGeometry,
    CylinderGeometry,
    ConeGeometry,
    SphereGeometry,
    IcosahedronGeometry,
    TorusGeometry,
    OctahedronGeometry,
    BoxGeometry,
    MathUtils
  } from 'three'
  import { T } from '@threlte/core'
  import { Float } from '@threlte/extras'


  const material = new MeshStandardMaterial()
  const geometries = [
    { geometry: new TetrahedronGeometry(2) },
    { geometry: new CylinderGeometry(0.8, 0.8, 2, 32) },
    { geometry: new ConeGeometry(1.1, 1.7, 32) },
    { geometry: new SphereGeometry(1.5, 32, 32) },
    { geometry: new IcosahedronGeometry(2) },
    { geometry: new TorusGeometry(1.1, 0.35, 16, 32) },
    { geometry: new OctahedronGeometry(2) },
    { geometry: new SphereGeometry(1.5, 32, 32) },
    { geometry: new BoxGeometry(2.5, 2.5, 2.5) }
  ] as const


  const n = 40
  const randProps = Array.from(
    { length: n },
    () => geometries[Math.floor(Math.random() * geometries.length)]
  )
</script>


{#each randProps as prop}
  <Float
    floatIntensity={0}
    rotationIntensity={2}
    rotationSpeed={2}
  >
    <T.Mesh
      scale={MathUtils.randFloat(0.25, 0.5)}
      position={[
        MathUtils.randFloat(-8, 8),
        MathUtils.randFloat(-8, 8),
        MathUtils.randFloat(-8, 8)
      ]}
      geometry={prop?.geometry}
      {material}
    />
  </Float>
{/each}
// From: https://discourse.threejs.org/t/roundedrectangle-squircle/28645/20
import { BufferGeometry, BufferAttribute } from 'three'


export class RoundedPlaneGeometry extends BufferGeometry {
  parameters: {
    width: number
    height: number
    radius: number
    segments: number
  }
  constructor(width = 1, height = 1, radius = 0.2, segments = 16) {
    super()
    this.parameters = {
      width,
      height,
      radius,
      segments
    }


    // helper consts
    const wi = width / 2 - radius // inner width
    const hi = height / 2 - radius // inner height
    const ul = radius / width // u left
    const ur = (width - radius) / width // u right
    const vl = radius / height // v low
    const vh = (height - radius) / height // v high


    let positions = [wi, hi, 0, -wi, hi, 0, -wi, -hi, 0, wi, -hi, 0]
    let uvs = [ur, vh, ul, vh, ul, vl, ur, vl]


    let n = [
      3 * (segments + 1) + 3,
      3 * (segments + 1) + 4,
      segments + 4,
      segments + 5,
      2 * (segments + 1) + 4,
      2,
      1,
      2 * (segments + 1) + 3,
      3,
      4 * (segments + 1) + 3,
      4,
      0
    ] as const


    const indices: number[] = [
      n[0],
      n[1],
      n[2],
      n[0],
      n[2],
      n[3],
      n[4],
      n[5],
      n[6],
      n[4],
      n[6],
      n[7],
      n[8],
      n[9],
      n[10],
      n[8],
      n[10],
      n[11]
    ]
    let phi, cos, sin, xc, yc, uc, vc, idx


    for (let i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
      xc = i < 1 || i > 2 ? wi : -wi
      yc = i < 2 ? hi : -hi
      uc = i < 1 || i > 2 ? ur : ul
      vc = i < 2 ? vh : vl
      for (let j = 0; j <= segments; j++) {
        phi = (Math.PI / 2) * (i + j / segments)
        cos = Math.cos(phi)
        sin = Math.sin(phi)
        positions.push(xc + radius * cos, yc + radius * sin, 0)
        uvs.push(uc + ul * cos, vc + vl * sin)
        if (j < segments) {
          idx = (segments + 1) * i + j + 4
          indices.push(i, idx, idx + 1)
        }
      }
    }


    this.setIndex(new BufferAttribute(new Uint32Array(indices), 1))
    this.setAttribute('position', new BufferAttribute(new Float32Array(positions), 3))
    this.setAttribute('uv', new BufferAttribute(new Float32Array(uvs), 2))
  }
}
<script lang="ts">
  import { T } from '@threlte/core'
  import { Environment, Float, HTML, useGltf, OrbitControls } from '@threlte/extras'
  import { type Mesh, MathUtils } from 'three'
  import Geometries from './Geometries.svelte'
  import { RoundedPlaneGeometry } from './RoundedPlaneGeometry'


  const gltf = useGltf<{
    nodes: {
      phone: Mesh
    }
    materials: {}
  }>('/models/phone/phone.glb')


  const phoneGeometry = $derived($gltf?.nodes.phone.geometry)


  const url = window.origin
</script>


<T.PerspectiveCamera
  position={[50, -30, 30]}
  fov={20}
  oncreate={(ref) => {
    ref.lookAt(0, 0, 0)
  }}
  makeDefault
>
  <OrbitControls
    enableDamping
    enableZoom={false}
  />
</T.PerspectiveCamera>


<T.AmbientLight intensity={0.3} />


<Environment url="/textures/equirectangular/hdr/shanghai_riverside_1k.hdr" />


<Float
  scale={0.7}
  floatIntensity={5}
>
  <HTML
    rotation.y={90 * MathUtils.DEG2RAD}
    position.x={1.2}
    transform
    occlude="blending"
    geometry={new RoundedPlaneGeometry(10.5, 21.3, 1.6)}
  >
    <div
      class="phone-wrapper"
      style="border-radius:1rem"
    >
      <iframe
        title=""
        src={url}
        width="100%"
        height="100%"
        frameborder="0"
      ></iframe>
    </div>
  </HTML>


  {#if phoneGeometry}
    <T.Mesh
      scale={5.65}
      geometry={phoneGeometry}
    >
      <T.MeshStandardMaterial
        color="#FF3F00"
        metalness={0.9}
        roughness={0.1}
      />
    </T.Mesh>
  {/if}
</Float>


<Geometries />


<style>
  .phone-wrapper {
    height: 848px;
    width: 420px;
    border-radius: 63px;
    overflow: hidden;
    border: 1px solid rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);
  }
</style>

Visibility change event

Section titled “Visibility change event”

Use the property occlude and bind to the event visibilitychange to implement a custom hide/show behaviour.

<script lang="ts">
  import { HTML } from '@threlte/extras'


  const onVisibilityChange = (isVisible: boolean) => {
    console.log(isVisible)
  }
</script>


<HTML
  transform
  occlude
  onvisibilitychange={onVisibilityChange}
>
  <h1>Hello World</h1>
</HTML>

When binding to the event visibilitychange the contents of <HTML> is not automatically hidden when it’s occluded.

Sprite rendering

Section titled “Sprite rendering”

Use the property sprite in transform mode to render the contents of <HTML> as a sprite.

<script lang="ts">
  import { HTML } from '@threlte/extras'
</script>


<HTML
  transform
  sprite
>
  <h1>Hello World</h1>
</HTML>

Center

Section titled “Center”

Add a -50%/-50% css transform with center when not in transform mode.

<script lang="ts">
  import { HTML } from '@threlte/extras'
</script>


<HTML center>
  <h1>Hello World</h1>
</HTML>

Portal

Section titled “Portal”

Use the property portal to mount the contents of the <HTML> component on another HTMLElement. By default the contents are mounted as a sibling to the rendering <canvas>.

<script lang="ts">
  import { HTML } from '@threlte/extras'
</script>


<HTML portal={document.body}>
  <h1>Hello World</h1>
</HTML>

Pausing the render task

Section titled “Pausing the render task”

<HTML> has an autoRender prop that you can use to pause its render task. If at some point you no longer need to update <HTML>, you can set autoRender to false. If you need to resume updates, set autoRender back to true.

<HTML> also exports its internal render task and the startRendering, stopRendering, and render functions so you can either manually render or start and stop the internal task based on your needs.

manually-rendering.svelte
<script lang="ts">
  import { HTML } from '@threlte/extras'


  let html = $state<HTML>()


  $effect(() => {
    html?.render()
  })
</script>


<HTML
  autoRender={false}
  bind:this={html}
>
  <h1>Hello World</h1>
</HTML>
toggle-rendering.svelte
<script lang="ts">
  import { HTML } from '@threlte/extras'


  let html = $state<HTML>()


  // turn this on and off in accordance with your application
  let renderWhileTrue = $state(false)


  $effect(() => {
    if (renderWhileTrue) {
      html?.startRendering()
      // always stop rendering if it was started
      return () => {
        html?.stopRendering()
      }
    }
  })
</script>


<HTML
  autoRender={false}
  bind:this={html}
>
  <h1>Hello World</h1>
</HTML>

In both cases you should set autoRender to false so that the render task doesn’t automatically begin.

Lastly, you can access these functions from the <HTML>’s children snippet.

<HTML autoRender={false}>
  {#snippet children({ render, startRendering, stopRendering })}
    <button onclick={startRendering}>start rendering</button>
    <button onclick={stopRendering}>stop rendering</button>
    <button onclick={render}>render a single frame</button>
  {/snippet}
</HTML>

uikit

Section titled “uikit”

An alternative to using HTML for UI is uikit. The vanilla code has be wrapped into threlte-uikit for use in threlte projects. There are situations where this package is necessary, for instance the <HTML/> component cannot be used within XR sessions.

Component Signature

Section titled “Component Signature”

<HTML> extends < T . Group > and supports all its props, snippets, bindings and events.

Props

name
type
required
default
description
as
keyof HTMLElementTagNameMap
no
'div'
autoRender
boolean
no
true
whether the render task should be ran every frame
calculatePosition
(obj: Object3D, camera: Camera, size: { width: number; height: number }) => [number, number]
no
castShadow
boolean
no
undefined
center
boolean
no
false
distanceFactor
number
no
undefined
eps
number
no
0.001
fullscreen
boolean
no
false
geometry
THREE.BufferGeoemtry
no
undefined
material
THREE.Material
no
undefined
occlude
boolean | THREE.Object3D[] | 'blending'
no
false
pointerEvents
'auto' | 'none' | 'visiblePainted' | 'visibleFill' | 'visibleStroke' | 'visible' | 'painted' | 'fill' | 'stroke' | 'all' | 'inherit'
no
'auto'
portal
HTMLElement
no
undefined
receiveShadow
boolean
no
undefined
sprite
boolean
no
false
transform
boolean
no
false
zIndexRange
[number, number]
no
[16777271, 0]

Exports

name
type
description
startRendering
() => void
Manually start the render task
stopRendering
() => void
Manually stop the render task
render
() => void
renders a single frame of the provided html